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Operating Systems

UNIX

Frequently used commands

  • Find and copy files created today find /home/clstest -ctime -1 -exec cp {} /home/mohammo/CSW \;

  • Suppress error message from ‘find’ command find . -name "*" -print 2>/dev/null

  • Tar & untar directories with permissions intact

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tar -cvpf test.tar /home/mohammo/test
tar -xvpf test.tar /home/mohammo/test
  • Exclude certain files in ‘find’ command
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find . -name "*" -not -name "*.jar" -print
find . -name "*" -not \( -name "*.jar" -o -name "*.tar" \) -print
  • Search and replace with no hassle of escaping characters

echo "/home/mohammo" | sed -e "s#/home/mohammo#/home/test#/g"

  • Search for text but only display their file names

find . -name "*" -type f -exec grep -l "searchtext" {} \; -print

  • Set operations - Complement (A-B)- below command prints all entries in file1 that are not in file2

comm -23 file1 file2

  • Sorting files
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 sort file1 file2 | uniq  //Union of unsorted files 
 sort file1 file2 | uniq -d  //Intersection of unsorted files 
 sort file1 file1 file2 | uniq -u //Difference of unsorted files 
 sort file1 file2 | uniq -u  //Symmetric Difference of unsorted files
  • When a JVM process is running in Unix/Windows, how do I check how much memory is being currently used by that JVM?

VI Tips

Note: Anything between [ and ] denotes a command executed from within vi.

  • [ !wc % ] - opens a command shell and runs ‘wc’ on the current file open in vi. % means current file & ! is called ‘Bang’. Bang works best with non-interactive commands
  • [ qa ] close all files open
  • [ ga ] Show character info
  • [ ls ] List buffers
  • [ % ] Bracket matching

Ubuntu

​## Tips & Tricks

  • How to create application shortcuts​ on desktop​
    • Install required packages: sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends gnome-panel
    • For each shortcut run this command: gnome-desktop-item-edit --create-new ~/Desktop
  • How to list all installed packages: dpkg --list | grep -i 'pkgname'
  • How to uninstall a package: sudo apt-get --purge remove pkgname OR install a GUI called Synaptic: sudo apt-get install synaptic
  • Windows Task Manager equivalent: System Monitor OR top
  • How to get the current OS version details: lsb_release -a
  • How to search for previously entered commands in command line: ctrl+r
  • Share folders between Windows host and Ubuntu guest
    • Install VMware tools via VMWare menu
    • Add folders to share : Virutal Machine -> Settings -> Options -> Shared Folders -> select 'Always Enabled' -> Add folder in host to share
    • Install open-vmware-tools in Ubuntu: sudo apt-get install open-vm-tools
    • Mount shared folder from host onto guest: sudo mount -t vmhgfs .host:/ /mnt/hgfs/
    • After the previous step, shared folder from windows should be seen under /mnt/hgfs